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MLA CITATION
STYLE
This page is a quick
reference guide to common MLA citation formats. If you have a more
complicated citation question, please use one of copies of the MLA
Handbook for Writers of Research Papers (REF 808.027 G43) or
contact one of the librarians for help.
For more information about the MLA citation style,
visit the
Modern Language Association
web site.
NOTE:
The examples
and Works Cited Sample
Page ARE CORRECT, but I am trying to catch
up on the detailed instructions sections. The new 7th edition
contains several significant changes, which requires a major overhaul of
this page. Thank you for your patience and understanding. When I
have completed the overhaul, this message will disappear, and I will be
very, very happy!
BJ McCracken 10/11/10
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What needs to be cited?
You must credit any work that you
did not create, including all print or media.
Common knowledge is defined as an information generally known by
all people, such as 'the sun comes up in the east' and 'George
Washington was the first U.S. president'. For more
information about plagiarism, please refer to:
The Plagiarism
Plague ((PL 808 B78). |
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Parenthetical Citations
(in-text, embedded)
MLA uses parenthetical citations to refer to
specific information within the text of the paper. You may
also have heard this type of citation referred to as in-text
citations or embedded citations. The following is an example of
the MLA parenthetical citation style.
Example: References within the
text must clearly point to the source in the list of works cited
(Gibaldi 204). |
BOOKS
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Book with multiple authors
(Detailed
Instructions)
Eisenberg, Michael, and
Robert Berkowitz. Information Problem-Solving: The Big
Six Skills Approach to
Library
and Informational Skills Instruction. Norwood, NJ: Ablex
Publishing, 1990. Print.
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Multivolume Work
(Detailed
Instructions)
Individual articles with no
author.
Schmittrorth, Linda and
Mary Kay Rostock, Eds. People of the Holocaust. Vol.
A-J. Detroit: UXL, 1998. Print.
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NOTE:
If you used
information from only one volume of the set,
identify only that volume (see above example).
If you use information from more than one volume,
cite the total number of volumes in the set. |
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Multivolume Work
(Detailed
Instructions)
Individual articles have authors, but the set
has an editor.
Willetts, R.F. "Demeter." Man, Myth and
Magic: the Illustrated Encyclopedia of Mythology, Religion
and the
Unknown. Ed.
Richard Cavendish. Vol. 8. New York: Marshall Cavendish,
1995. Print.
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NOTE:
If you used
information from only one volume of the set,
identify only that volume (see above example).
If you use information from more than one volume,
cite the total number of volumes in the set.
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Graphic Books (Detailed
Instructions)
Taylor, Nick, illus. The Adventures of the
Princess and Mr. Whiffle: The Thing Beneath the Bed. By
Patrick Rothfuss.
Burton, MI: Subterranean Books, 2010. Print.
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E-Books (Detailed
Instructions)
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NOTE:
Use the same forms
as used for books but, change
the last word from Print to E-book.
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Pendergast, Sara and Tom Perdergast, eds. St. James
Encyclopedia of Popular Culture. 5 vols. Detroit: St.
James,
2000. E-book. |
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Contemporary
Literary Criticism (Detailed
Instructions)
Print
Fielder, Leslie. "An Almost Imaginary Interview:
Hemingway in Ketchum." Partisan Review Summer (1962).
Rpt. in Contemporary Literary Criticism. Ed. Caroline Riley.
Vol. 84. Detroit: Gale Research,
1975. 232-233. Print.
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DATABASES
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EBSCO HOST
(Detailed Instructions)
Automotive Repair; CINAHL(Nursing); Coin Career; GreenFILE; Environment Complete;
Small Engine Repair
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NOTE:
When citing EBSCO products everything is the same as
appears below, except for the name of the EBSCO Host
database you are using. Always list the name of
the specific database you are using, i.e. Small
Engine Repair. |
Book as Original Source
(Detailed
Instructions)
Akyroyd,
Clarissa. “Chapter 3: The Boat People.” Refugees.
Bromall, PA: Mason Crest, 2004. GreenFILE.
EBSCO Host. Web. 25 Jan. 2006.
Magazine
as Original Source
(Detailed
Instructions)
Hollingsworth, Jane. “The Little Drummer Boy.” Civil War
Times 43.3 (August 2004): 24. GreenFILE.
EBSCO Host. Web. 25 Jan. 2010.
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Facts
On File, Inc.
American History Online;
American Indian History Online; Modern World History Online;
U.S. Government Online
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NOTE:
When citing Facts On File products everything is the
same as appears below, except for the name of the
Facts On File database you are using. Always
list the name of the specific database you are
using, i.e. Small Engine Repair |
Book
as Original Source
(Detailed
Instructions)
Akyroyd, Clarissa. “Chapter 3: The Boat People.” Refugees.
Bromall, PA: Mason Crest, 2004. American
History
Online. Facts on File, Inc. Web. 25 Jan. 2006.
Magazine
as Original Source
(Detailed
Instructions)
Hollingsworth, Jane. “The Little Drummer Boy.” Civil War
Times 43.3 (August 2004): 24. World History Online.
Facts on
File, Inc. Web. 25 Jan. 2006.
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Gale Cengage Learning
Academic
OneFile; Alternative Health Mode; Biography Resource Center;
Business &
Company ASAP; Business & Company Resource
Center; Business Economics & Theory;
Communication & Mass Media; Contemporary
Authors; Contemporary Literary
Criticism; Current Issues; Custom Newspapers; Dictionary of
Literary Biography;
Discovering Collection; Diversity Studies; Economics &
Finance; Environmental Studies
& Policy Collection; Expanded Academic ASAP; Fine Arts &
Music; Gblt; General OneFile;
General Reference Center Gold; General Science; Health
& Wellness Resource Center;
Health Reference Center Academic; Military &
Intelligence Database; Nursing & Allied
Health Collection; Opposing Viewpoints; Pop
Culture Collection; Psychology Collection;
Religion & Philosophy; Small Business
Collection; Student Edition; Testing & Education
Resource Center; Tourism, Hospitality, &
Leisure; Vocation Careers & Technical
Education; War & Terrorism
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NOTE:
When citing Gale Cengage Learning products
everything is the same as appears below, except for
the name of the Gale database you are using. Always
list the name of the specific database you are
using, i.e.
Pop Culture Collection. |
Book as Original Source
(Detailed
Instructions)
Uhlmann, Michael M. “Modern Perspectives on Death and
Dying.” Coping With Death. Ed.
Shasta Gaugen. Contemporary Issues Companion Series.
San Diego, CA: Greenhaven, 2004.
Opposing Viewpoints Resource
Center. Gale
Cengage Learning. Web. 12 Nov. 2007.
Magazine
as Original Source
(Detailed
Instructions)
Underwood, Anne. “Doughnuts in the Dark; New treatments
offer hope for night eating disorders.”
Newsweek 5 April 2004: p51. Opposing Viewpoints Resource Center. Gale Cengage
Learning.
Web. 25 Jan. 2007.
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GFHS NetRef
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NOTE:
This site is a collection of web pages. Cite
only the page from which you took information.
See the form for citing the Internet.
(Internet) |
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Oxford University Press
Oxford Art (Grove); Oxford Dictionary; Oxford
Foreign Language Dictionaries; Oxford Music(Grove);
Oxford Scholarship Online (Economics, Philosophy; Politics,
Religion)
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NOTE:
When citing Oxford University products everything is
the same as appears below, except for the name of
the Oxford University database you are using. Always
list the name of the specific database you are
using, i.e.
Oxford Foreign Language Dictionaries. |
Book as Original Source
(Detailed
Instructions)
Borchert, Jens and Jürgen
Zeiss, eds. "Spain: A Textbook Case of Partiocracy."
The
Political Class in
Advanced
Democracies. Oxford: Oxford UP, 2003. Oxford
Scholarship Online. Oxford University
Press. Web. 18 Jan. 2010.
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Wilson Web
Biography Reference Bank, Science Full Text Select
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NOTE:
When citing Wilson Web products everything is the
same as appears below, except for the name of the
Wilson database you are using. Always list the
name of the specific database you are using, i.e.
Science Full Text
Select. |
Book
as Original Source (Detailed
Instructions)
“Dickinson, Emily.” Notable American Women, 1607-1950: A
Biographical Dictionary. Harvard University
Press, 1971. Biographies Plus Illustrated. Wilson Web. Web. 1 Dec. 2003.
Magazine
as Original Source (Detailed
Instructions)
Coghill, S. "Emily Who?" Chronicle of Higher Education
47.22 (June 2001): B16-7. Biographies Plus
Illustrated. Wilson Web. Web. 1 Dec. 2003.
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Encyclopedias
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Print Encyclopedias
(Detailed
Instructions)
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NOTE:
Some encyclopedias have signed articles. If
the article has an author, place the author's name
(last name, first name) before the article title.
The author's name is usually found in small print
and the end of the article. |
"Easter Island."
The
New Encyclopaedia Britannica. 15th Ed. 2003. Print.
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INTERNET
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Single Page
Web Sites
(Detailed
Instructions)
| Note:
These sites are rarer
and are usually a home page or single page report on
a subject and are not part of a group of pages.
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Smith, John. UFOs Are Real--We Are In
Danger. N.p. 2010. Web. 15 Sept. 2010. <http://www.unrealiblesite.com>.
Note: If the page is the
home page of an individual, include Home page.
after the Author's name. Sasquatch,
Himilaya. Home page. I Dream of Flying. N.p.
2010. Web. 09 Aug. 2010.
<http://www.himilayansasquatch.com/>.
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Multiple Page Web
Sites (Detailed
Instructions)
(2 or more pages)
McCracken, B.J. "MLA Citation Style." BisonLibrary.
Great Falls Public Schools. 2002-2011. Web. 17 Sept. 2010.
<http://gfps.k12.mt.us/Schools/GreatFallsHigh/web/library/bisonlibrary/mla.htm>.
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Note: If
the site does not have a publisher or sponsor
listed, place N.p.
after the site title to note that there is no
publisher or sponsor listed on the site. If there is
no publication date (or copyright date), place
n.d. after the publisher. For
example:
Gibney, Marek.
Music-Map." N.p. n.d. Web. 17 Sept. 2010.
<http://www.music-map.com>.
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INTERVIEWS
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Interview
from a Media
Source
(Detailed
Instructions)
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NOTE:
When citing an interview from a media source,
remember to identify the media type of the
interview. For example, television, radio,
print, DVD, etc. |
McNulty, Jim. Interview by Oprah Winfrey. Oprah Winfrey
Show. ABC. Chicago. 16 September 2010.
Television.
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Personal Interview
(Detailed
Instructions)
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NOTE:
Identify the type of interview, i.e., e-mail,
telephone or personal. |
Pitt, Brad. Personal interview. 9 October 2007.
Hopkins, Ellen. E-mail interview. 5 Sept. 2010.
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NEWSPAPERS
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Newspaper Article:
Print
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NOTE: Include
the city of publication if the city name is not part
of the newspaper title.
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Moore, James. "Prime Minister's First
Glorious Year: Read All About It." Daily Telegraph.
[London] 6 Nov.
2004: N2. Print.
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Newspaper Article: (Detailed Instructions)
From a Database
Moore, James. "Prime Minister's First Glorious
Year: Read All About It." Daily Telegraph. [London] 6
Nov.
2004: N2. InfoTrac Custom Newspapers.
Gale Cengage Learning. Web. 03 March 20010.
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Newspaper Article:
(Detailed Instructions)
From the World Wide Web
Stevenson, Richard W. "Big Tax Plans, Big Task Risks."
New York Times on the Web 8 Nov. 2004. Web. 03
March 08. <http://www.nytimes.com/2004/11/08/politics/08fiscal.html?p&ex=1099976400&en=
b5711c91696001b1&ei=5094&partner=homepage>.
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MEDIA
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Art:
(Detailed
Instructions)
Viewed in a Museum
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NOTE:
If you know the date
the object was created, include that date
immediately following the title of the work. Next
include the type of work: oil on canvas, bronze,
pencil on paper, etc. |
Sargent, John Singer. Madame X.
1884. Oil on Canvas. Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York.
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Art:
(Detailed
Instructions)
From a Book
|
NOTE:
If the picture of the art work in a book has a
figure, slide, or table number, you must include
that information immediately following the
publication date. |
Sargent, John Singer. Madame X.
Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York. McGraw Hill
Dictionary of Art.
Ed. Bernard Myers. New York:
McGraw-Hill, 1969. Plate 231. Print.
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Art:
(Detailed
Instructions)
Online
Sargent, John Singer. Madame X. Metropolitan Museum
of Art, New York. Web. 5 October 2009.
<http://www.metmuseum.org/toah/ho/10/na/ho_16.53.htm>.
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Cartoons:
(Detailed
Instructions)
Databases
Williams, Kipper. "Pile 'em High." Cartoon. Nature
450.7166 (2007): 29. Psychology Collection. Gale
Cengage
Learning. Web. 11 Oct.
2010.
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Cartoons:
(Detailed
Instructions)
Online
Larson, Gary. "The Birth of Science." Cartoon. CSL
Cartoonstock. 1997. Web. 23 Oct. 2007.
<http://www.cartoonstock.com/directory/g/gary_larson.asp>.
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DVD/Video Cassettes
(Detailed
Instructions)
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NOTE:
Use the media type in citing films. E.g., DVD,
Video cassette, CD ROM, Slide program, Filmstrip. |
Miller, Victor. Friday the 13th. Dir. Sean
Cunningham. Perf. Betsy Palmer, Adrienne King, Jeannine
Taylor, Robbi
Morgan, and Kevin Bacon. 1980. Paramount, 1999. DVD.
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Film
(Detailed
Instructions)
Keneally,Thomas. Schindler's List. Dir. Steven
Spielberg. Perf. Liam Neeson, Ben Kingsley, Ralph
Finnes, and Caroline Goodall.
Universal Studios, 1993. Film.
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Music:
(Detailed
Instructions)
Sound Recordings (CDs, etc.)
|
NOTE:
There are different forms for
citing live performances, music from a television
program or music from a movie. Please refer to
the MLA Handbook for Research Writers
(REF 808.027 G43) for
those citation formats. |
Maroon Five. "She Will Be Loved." Rec. 1 Jan. 2003.
Songs
About Jane. A&M Octone. CD.
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Music: (Detailed
Instructions)
Published Compositions
Beethoven, Ludwig van. Symphony No. 7 in A, Op
92. 1812. New York: Dover, 1998. Print
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Photographs: (Detailed
Instructions)
Databases
|
NOTE:
 Photographs
in databases will have the citation information
listed at the end of the article. Remember,
the citation information in the databases will
contain all the elements needed for your citation,
but often do not follow one particular format. Even
if it says it is MLA style, none of the databases
does an accurate MLA citation, so do not copy and
paste the citation without checking it to correct
the problems.
The citation below is for the picture to the left. |
"War in Italy: Salerno to the Rapido." 1944.
Library of Congress, Joseph J. Spagnola Collection.
American History
Online. Facts On File. Web. 28 Sept. 2010.
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Photographs:
(Detailed
Instructions)Online
Adams, Ansel. "Latch and Chain." 1927. Photograph. Metropolitan
Museum of Art, New York. Web. 29 Oct. 2010
<http://www.metmuseum.org/Works_of_Art/collection_database/Latch_and_Chain_Ansel_
Adams_American_1902_1984/ViewObject.aspx?depNm=photographs&pID=-1&k
Wd=adams&OID=190021123&vW=-1&Pg=1&St=0&StOd=1&vT=1>.
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NOTE:
Sometimes you are not able to
locate the name of the photographer, a title for the
photograph, or identify if the photograph belongs to
a museum or in a private collection. In those
instances, cite the information that is available.
Example: The picture below does not identify
 the
photographer or if the photograph belongs to a
museum or private collector. It does not even
have a formal title. If this is the case, give
a description of the subject of the photo. For
example,
you could title the picture
below as, "Boeing B17F or the Flying Fortress."
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"Boeing B17F or the Flying Fortress." 1945.
Photograph. The Aviation
History Online Museum. Web. 22 Sept. 2010
<http://www.aviation-history.com/boeing/b-17.html>.
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Periodicals
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Scholarly Journal Articles:
(Detailed
Instructions)
Database
Charny, Israel W. “Innocent Denials of Known Genocides: A
Further Contribution to a Psychology of Denial
Genocide.” Human Rights
Review 1.3 (2002): 15. Expanded Academic ASAP.
Gale Cengage Learning. Web.
10 Sept. 2010. |
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Online
Magazines
(Detailed
Instructions)
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NOTE:
This form is for magazines
that are only published online. (Also known as
e-zines). |
DeNeen, Sally. “Paradise Lost: America’s Disappearing
Wetlands.” Emagazine.com 9.6
(November/December 1998). Web.
5 Oct. 2009 <http://www.emagazine.com/
novemberdecember_1998/1198feat2.html>.
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SAMPLE WORKS CITED PAGE
|
NOTE:
A Works Cited is a list of all the
resources you actually used to prepare your project.
A Bibliography is a list of all resources that you both
used
and read or viewed to prepare your project. The
majority of secondary teachers want a Works Cited rather than a
Bibliography. |
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Works Cited
Alvarez, Michelle. "An Ongoing Threat to Our Sacred Places:
More News on the Status of Mount Shasta."
News from
Native California 8.4 (Spring 1995): 18-19. American Indian History & Culture. Facts On
File. Web. 25 Jan. 2010.
Delacroix, Eugene. Death of Ophelia. 1853. Louvre,
Paris. Shakespeare Illustrated. Ed. Harry Rusche. 13
Sept. 2000. Emory U. 11 Jan. 2010.
Web. <http://www.emory.edu/ENGLISH/classes/
Shakespeare Illustrated/Delacroix.Ophelia.html>.
“Dickinson, Emily.” Notable American Women, 1607-1950: A
Biographical Dictionary. Cambridge, MA:
Harvard UP, 1971. Biography
Reference Bank. Wilson Web.
14 Jan. 2009.
Hannon, Kerry. "Early Bird Gets the Squirm: Consider All of
the Effects of Applying Early." U.S. News &
World
Report 28 August 2006: 102-104. Print.
Hollingsworth, Jane. “The Little Drummer Boy.” Civil War
Times 43.3 (August 2004): 24. American History
Online.
Facts on File. Web. 25 Jan.
2006.
“Lacrosse.” The New Encyclopædia Britannica. 15th
ed. Chicago: Encyclopædia Britannica, 2003.
Moore, James. "Prime Minister's First Glorious Year: Read
All About It." Daily Telegraph [London] 6 Nov.
2004: N2. Print.
Ritchart, Ron.
Intellectual Character: What It Is, Why It Matters, and How
to Get It. San Francisco: Josey-
Bass, 2002. Print.
Underwood, Anne. “Doughnuts in the Dark; New treatments
offer hope for night eating disorders.”
Newsweek
5 April 2004: p51. Opposing Viewpoints in Context.
Gale Cengage Learning. Web. 25 Jan. 2007.
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Detailed Instruction Section |
Book Citations
|
BOOK
Detailed Instructions
|
NOTE:
Look on the title page, not the book cover
for the complete name of the author, the complete book title,
the place of publication and the name of the publishing company.
Look on the back of the title page for the date of publication.
|
1. Author,
last name first.
If the book has more than one author the second author is listed
first name, last name. For example: Carter, Louise and
Margaret Maynard. Use only the first two authors, even if
the book has more than two authors. If your author has a
middle name or title (such as Jr., etc.,) the middle name and/or
title follow the first name. Place a comma after the name
and before a title such as Jr. Place a period after the
author's name.
Example: Burke, James Grayson, Jr.
2. Title of
the book.
Italicize the title (and subtitle if the book has one). If
the book has a subtitle, place a colon between the title and the
subtitle. Place a period after the title (or subtitle) of the
book. Do not italicize the period.
3.
If you are citing a multivolume work
that is not a general encyclopedia.
If the work has both an author and an editor:
If the work has both an
author and an editor, list the author as shown above.
After the title of the book, place Ed. and then the name
of the editor, first name and last name. For example:
Lorca, Garcia. The Complete Works of Garcia Lorca. Ed.
Martin Mann. 2 vols.
Multivolume work with signed articles and an editor:
List the article author first, following the author rules above.
Next list the article title, in quotation marks. Put the
period before the closing quotation mark. Next place the
title of the work and place a period after the title. Next
appears the editors name, which has Ed. preceding the name and
then first name, last name. Place a period after the last
name. Next list the volume number as Vol. and then the
appropriate number, followed by a period.
Volume number(s):
If you are using only one volume of a multivolume set,
identify that specific volume number. Volume number(s) appear
after the title if there is no editor (The Complete Works of Garcia Lorca. Vol. 1.)
and after the editor's name when there is an editor (Lorca,
Garcia. The Complete Works of Garcia Lorca. Ed. Martin
Mann. Vol. 1.) If you are using more than one volume
of the set, then list the total number of volumes in the set.
Example: Encyclopedia of the Holocaust. 4 vols.
Multivolume set where each title is different in the set.
If each volume in the set has an individual title (such as our
Eye Witness U.S. History set) then cite each title individually.
4. Place of publication.
Place a colon at
the end of the place name. (The place of publication
appears on the bottom of the title page.) Use the first city
named if more than one city is named. For example, if the
publication places included New York, London, Toronto and
Sydney; you would use New York as the place of publication.
If the city name is not well known, such as New York, use the
state or country abbreviation after the city name. Place a comma
between the city and the state or country names.
5. Name of the
publisher.
Place a comma after the publisher's name. The name of the
publisher appears on the bottom of the title page, above the
place of publication. The publishing company may appear to be a
person's name. Example: Alfred A. Knopf,
6. Date of
publication.
Remember, the copyright
date most often appears on the back side of the title page.
The date may say that it is a copyright date, or it may use the
© symbol to designate the copyright date. Place a
period after the publication (copyright) date. Use
the latest date. For example, if the publication dates include
1959, 1964, 1982 and 1994, use the 1994 date.
7. Publication format. MLA
requires you to identify the format of the work, i.e., DVD,
CD-ROM, Web, etc. For print materials, place the word
Print. after the period at
the end of the publication information. Be sure to capitalize
the P in print and to place a period after the word.
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Audio
Books
Detailed Instructions
1. Author,
last name first. If the book has more than one author the second author is listed
first name, last name. For example: Carter, Louise and
Margaret Maynard. Use only the first two authors, even if
the book has more than two authors. If your author has a
middle name or title (such as Jr., etc.,) the middle name and/or
title follow the first name. Place a comma after the name and
before a title such as Jr. Place a period after the
author's name.
Example: Burke, James Grayson, Jr.
2. Title of
the book.
Again, this refers to the print book. Remember to
capitalize all the important words in the title, even if the
original title does not capitalize the words. Italicize the
title (and subtitle if the book has one. If the book has a
subtitle, place a colon between the title and the subtitle.
Place a period after the title (or subtitle ) of the book. Do
not italicize the period.
Example: The Lovely Bones.
3. Copyright date of
the print book. Note: this is the date the actual book
was published, not the date of production for the audio book.
4. Reader.
Begin this part by typing the words Read by
Follow the Read by with the name of the reader. Type the
reader's name first name and then last name. (This is the
opposite of what happens when a name appears at the beginning of
a citation.) Place a period after the reader's name.
Example: Read by Sissy Spacek.
6. Audio book
publisher.
Identify who produced
(published) the audio book. Shorten the publishers name and
delete Co. or Inc. Example: Harper, Rowe and Collins,
Inc., would be cited as Harper. If your publisher is a
university, abbreviate the university press to UP.
Place a comma after the
name of the publisher.
Example: Oklahoma University Press is cited as Oklahoma
UP,
7. Copyright date of
the audio book. Place a period after the copyright
date.
8. Abridged audio books.
If the audio book is an abridged version of the book, you must
note this after the copyright date. Place the word
Abridged. and put a period at the end of the
word abridged. Example: New York: Random House,
2010. Abridged. CD. 10 disks.
9. Publication format. MLA
requires you to identify the format of the work, i.e., DVD, CD,
Web, etc. For audio books , place the initials
CD. after the period at the
end of the publication information. Be sure to capitalize CD and
to place a period after the letters.
After CD. use Arabic numbers to
note the number of disks. For example, 8 disks.
Place a period after the word disks. Example: CD. 8
disks.
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CONTEMPORARY LITERARY CRITICISM (CLC):
Print Version:
Detailed Instructions
|
Use this form for
the print version of the CLC set. If you are using
the online version, see the database citation for
Cengage Gale
databases. (Cengage
Gale) |
Use
the basic book entry information for works cited within an
anthology, however before the book entry information, cite the
author, title, and (if applicable) the translator of the part of
the book being cited.
1.
Author of the piece being cited. Place the author's
name, last name first. Place a period after the author's name.
2.
Title of the piece being cited. This is normally
enclosed in quotation marks. Place a period at the end of the
title and inside of the quotation marks.
3.
Title of the source where the piece was originally printed.
Italicize this title and place a period at the end of the title.
Do not italicize the period.
4.
Reprinted notation. the phrase Rpt. in
is followed immediately by the title of the anthology in which
the piece was reprinted. Example: Rpt. in Contemporary Literary Criticism.
5.
Title of the anthology. Italicize the book title
(in this instance, Contemporary Literary Criticism and
place a period after the title. Do not italicize the
period.
6.
Author or editor of the anthology. If this person
is an editor, place the abbreviation, Ed. before the name.
Example: Ed. Caroline Riley. Place a period
after the name.
7.
Volume Number. This is the number of the volume in
which you found the article. Volume numbers are found at
the top of the title page and on the spine of the book.
8.
Place of publication. If there is more than one
place of publication, use the first location listed. Place
a colon after the place of publication.
9.
Publisher's name. Place a comma after the name of
the publisher.
10.
Publication date (copyright date). Place a
period after the copyright date.
11.
Page numbers of where the article reprint appears in
CLC.
Place a period after the page numbers.
12. Publication format. MLA
requires you to identify the format of the work, i.e., DVD,
CD-ROM, Web, etc. For print materials, place the word
Print. after the period at
the end of the publication information. Be sure to capitalize
the P in print and to place a period after the word.
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Databases
|
DATABASE: BOOK
Detailed Instructions
1. Author,
last name first.
Note, this is the title of the print book that is being read.
If the book has more than one author the second author is listed
first name, last name. For example: Carter, Louise and
Margaret Maynard. Use only the first two authors, even if
the book has more than two authors. If your author has a
middle name or title (such as Jr., etc.,) the middle name and/or
title follow the first name. Place a comma after the name and
before a title such as Jr. Place a period after the
author's name.
Example: Burke, James Grayson, Jr.
2. Article
title.
Remember to
capitalize all the important words in the title, even if the
original title does not capitalize the words. Use
quotation marks around the title. Place a period after the title
of the article and before the ending quotation mark.
Punctuation exception: If the article title ends in a
punctuation mark such as a ? or a ! do not use a period after
this mark, just use the ? or ! and then place the final
quotation mark.
Example: "Kosovo: Why?"
3. Title of
the book cited in the database. Type
the title of the book from which the information was taken.
Remember to capitalize all the important words in the title,
even if the original title does not capitalize the words.
Italicize the title (and subtitle if the book has one. If
the book has a subtitle, place a colon between the title and the
subtitle. Place a period after the title (or subtitle ) of the
book. Place a period after the title. Do not
italicize the period.
Example: Notable American Women: 1607-1950.
4. Place of
publication.
Use the first city named if more than one city is named.
If the publication places included New York, London, Toronto and
Sydney; you would use New York as the place of publication.
If the city name is not well known, such as New York, use the
state or country abbreviation after the city name. Use the U.S.
Postal Service abbreviations. Example, Englewood, NJ:
Place a comma between the city and the state or country names.
Place a colon at the end of the place name.
5.
Publisher.
Identify who published the work. Place a comma after the
publisher's name. Shorten the publishers name and delete
Co. or Inc. For example, Harper, Rowe and Collins, Inc.,
would be cited as Harper.
If the publisher is a university, abbreviate the university
press to UP. Example: Oklahoma University Press is
cited as Oklahoma UP, Place a comma after the
publisher's name.
5.
Publication date.
Place the publication date following the Publisher. Place
a period after the publication date.
6. Database
information
Credit the name of the database and italicize the database name.
Place a period after the name. Example: Biographies Plus
Illustrated.
7.
Database publisher.
Credit the publisher of the database, i.e., Facts on File, Gale,
Oxford, Wilson Web. Do not underline the database
publisher, but place a period after the publisher's name.
8. Format. MLA
requires you to identify the format of the work, i.e., DVD,
CD-ROM, Web, etc. For materials accessed by opening the
world wide web, (whether a source original to the Internet, or a
database) place the word Web. and
then place a period at
the end of the format information. Be sure to capitalize
the W in Web.
9. Access
Date. This is
the date you used the information (read the article).
Use the day month year format. For example: 10 May 2010.
It is acceptable to abbreviate the months, but use the full
year. For example: 22 Feb. 2010, but not 22 Feb. '10.
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DATABASE: MAGAZINE
Detailed Instructions
1. Author,
last name first.
If the magazine article has more than one author, the second author is listed
first name, last name. For example: Carter, Louise and
Margaret Maynard. Use only the first two authors, even if
the article has more than two authors. If your author has a
middle name or title (such as Jr., etc.,) the middle name and/or
title follow the first name. Place a comma after the name and
before a title such as Jr. Place a period after the
author's name.
Example: Burke, James Grayson, Jr.
2. Title of
the article. Remember to capitalize all the important words
in the title, even if the original title
does not capitalize the words. If the article has a subtitle,
place a colon between the title and the subtitle.
Place quotation marks around the title. Place a period after
the title of the article and before the ending
quotation mark. For example: "Super Stars of the NFL."
Punctuation exception: If the article title ends
in a punctuation mark such as a ? or a ! do not use a period
after this mark, just use the ? or ! and then
place the final quotation mark.
Example: "Iron Man!"
3.
Magazine title. This is
the name of the magazine in which the article appears. For
example: Time or BMX Plus Italicize the
name of the magazine. There is no punctuation mark after the
magazine title.
4.
Volume and issue number. If your publication has a
volume and issue number, they are written as Arabic numbers (12)
and not as Roman Numerals (XII). The volume number appears
first, immediately followed by a period. The issue number
is also written as an Arabic number and follows the period with
no space in between. There is no punctuation mark after
the issue number. Example: 39.8
4. Date the
magazine was published. Place a colon after the date. Use
the day month year format. For example: 5 May 2000. Do not abbreviate the year, i.e.,
do not use 24 April 07. For monthly publications, use just
the month and year. For example: December 2007 or
January/February 2007 if the magazine comes out once every two
months.
5. Page
numbers. Place a period after the page number.
If a plus (+) mark follows immediately after the page number it
means the article is continued on non-consecutive pages. You
must include the plus mark in your citation.
6. Database Name.
Place the name of the database where the article was located.
Underline the name and place a period after the name. Do
not underline the period. Example: Facts On File.
or Gale.
7.
Database Publisher.
Credit the publisher of the database, i.e., Facts on File, Gale,
Oxford, Wilson Web. Do not underline the database
publisher, but place a period after the publisher's name.
8. Format. MLA
requires you to identify the format of the work, i.e., DVD,
CD-ROM, Web, etc. For materials accessed by opening the
world wide web, (whether a source original to the Internet, or a
database) place the word Web. and
then place a period at
the end of the format information. Be sure to capitalize
the W in Web.
9.
Access date. Use the MLA date style. This style
requires the day of the month be placed first, followed by the
full spelling of the month or the month may be abbreviated using
the standard month abbreviations, e.g. Sept., Jan., etc.
Place the full year after the month, e.g. 2011 not 11.
Example: 12 Jan. 2011 or 12 January 2011. Place a period
after the year. For example, 12 January 2011 but
not 12 Jan. '11.
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WEB-BASED SCHOLARLY
JOURNAL:
Detailed
Instructions
Journal is published
only on the Web (no print copies or in databases)
1. Author,
last name first. If the
article has more than one author the second author is listed
first name, last name. For example: Carter, Louise and
Margaret Maynard. Use only the first two authors, even if
the article has more than two authors. If your author has a
middle name or title (such as Jr., etc.,) the middle name and/or
title follow the first name. Place a comma after the name and
before a title such as Jr. Place a period after the
author's name.
Example: Burke, James Grayson, Jr.
2. Title of
the article. Remember to capitalize all the important words
in the title, even if the original title does not capitalize the
words. If the article has a subtitle, place a colon between the
title and the subtitle. Use quotation marks around the title.
Place a period after the title of the article and before the
ending quotation mark. For example: "Plains Indians in
Montana."
Punctuation exception: If the article title ends in a
punctuation mark such as a ? or a ! do not use a period after
this mark, just use the ? or ! and then place the final
quotation mark.
Example: "Todo Su Vida!"
3.
Journal title.
This is the name of the journal in which the article appears.
For example: Journal of Psychology or African American
Review. Italicize the journal title. There is no
punctuation mark after the journal title.
4.
Volume and issue number. If your publication has a
volume and issue number, they are written as Arabic numbers (12)
and not as Roman Numerals (XII). The volume number appears
first, immediately followed by a period. The issue number
is also written as an Arabic number and follows the period with
no space in between. There is no punctuation mark after
the issue number. Example: 39.8
4. Date the
journal was published. Place a colon after the date. For
example: 10 Feb. 2005: Use the day month year format.
For example: 5 May 2000. Do not abbreviate the year, i.e.,
do not use 24 April 07. For monthly publications, use just
the month and year. For example: December 2007 or
January/February 2007 if the magazine comes out once every two
months.
5. Page
numbers. Place a period after the page number.
If a plus (+) mark follows immediately after the page number it
means the article is continued on non-consecutive pages. You
must include the plus mark in your citation.
6. Database Name.
Place the name of the database where the article was located.
Underline the name and place a period after the name. Do
not underline the period. Example: Facts On File.
or Gale.
7.
Database Publisher.
Credit the publisher of the
database, i.e., Facts on File, Gale, Oxford, Wilson Web.
Do not underline the database publisher, but place a period
after the publisher's name.
8.
Format.
MLA
requires you to identify the format of the work, i.e., DVD,
CD-ROM, Web, etc. For materials accessed by opening the
world wide web, (whether a source original to the Internet, or a
database) place the word Web. and
then place a period at
the end of the format information. Be sure to capitalize
the W in Web.
9.
Access date. Use the MLA date style. This style
requires the day of the month be placed first, followed by the
full spelling of the month or the month may be abbreviated using
the standard month abbreviations, e.g. Sept., Jan., etc.
Place the full year after the month, e.g. 2007 not 07.
Example: 12 Jan. 2007 or 12 January 2007. There is no
punctuation mark following the year.
10.
URL (address of the web page).
This information is located in a box in the tool bar. The
box will be titled
either "Address," or "Location." Remember, you must
include the http:// in the address. It
is not acceptable to use only the www. when citing URLs.
Be sure to remove the hyperlink...do not
leave the link 'live'. Place angle brackets around the address.
Place a period after the final
angle bracket.
Example: < >.
|
HINT:
Removing a live link:
Sometimes Word is too helpful and turns links live as
they are typed into the document. There are two
easy ways to remove a live link when you are typing the
works cited. The fastest way is to use the Edit
menu immediately after the link turns live. The
first choice under the Edit menu will be Undo Edit
Hyperlink and when you choose that option, the hyperlink
will be removed. The other choice is to highlight
the address and go to the tool bar and choose the icon
that looks like a green ball with chain links.
Look for the Remove Link option in the box that pops
open. (It is located near the lower right side.)
When you click on that option the link will be removed.
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Encyclopedias
|
ENCYCLOPEDIA:
ONLINE
Detailed
Instructions
1.
Author, last name first.
If the book has more than one author the second author is
listed first
name, last
name. For example: Carter, Louise and Margaret
Maynard. Use only the first two authors,
even if the
book has more than two authors. If your author has a
middle name or title (such as Jr., etc.,)
the middle
name and/or title follow the first name. Place a comma after the
name and before a
title such as
Jr. Place a period after the author's name.
Example:
Burke, James Grayson, Jr.
2. Article
title. Remember to capitalize all the important words
in the title, even if the original title does not capitalize the
words. If the article has a subtitle, place a colon between the
main title and the subtitle. (If the article is split into
subdivisions, use the subdivision title as as subtitle to the
main article. Example: "Peru: Economy.") Place
quotation marks around the title. Place a period after the
title of the article and before the ending quotation mark.
Example: "Yellowstone Park."
3. Name of
the encyclopedia. Italicize the name of the
encyclopedia. For example: The Encyclopædia Britannica
Online.
Place a period after the name of the encyclopedia. Do not
italicize the period. Use the encyclopedia name as it
appears on the title page.
4. Edition.
Place a period after edition number. Use the abbreviation
for edition (ed.). For example: 22nd ed.
5. Date of
publication. Place a period after the date of publication.
Use the most current date that appears on the back of the title
page. Use the abbreviation for edition (ed.) after the
publication date if there is no edition number on the title
page. For example: 1999 ed
6. Database Name.
Place the name of the database where the article was located. Italicize the name and place a period after the name. Do
not underline the period. Example: Encyclopædia
Britannica Online School Edition.
7.
Database Publisher.
Credit the publisher of the database, i.e., Facts on File, Gale,
Oxford, Wilson Web. Do not underline the database
publisher, and place a period after the publisher's name.
8.
Format.
MLA
requires you to identify the format of the work, i.e., DVD,
CD-ROM, Web, etc. For materials accessed by opening the
world wide web, (whether a source original to the Internet, or a
database) place the word Web. and
then place a period at
the end of the format information. Be sure to capitalize
the W in Web.
9. Access
date. Use the MLA date style. This style
requires the page number be placed first, followed
by the full spelling of the month (the month may be abbreviated
using the standard month abbreviations, e.g. Sept., Jan., etc).
Place the full year after the month, e.g. 2003 not 03.
Example: 12 Jan. 2003 or 12 January 2003. There is no
punctuation mark following the year.
|
HINT:
Removing a live link:
Sometimes Word is too helpful and turns links live as
they are typed into the document. There are two
easy ways to remove a live link when you are typing the
works cited. The fastest way is to use the Edit
menu immediately after the link turns live. The
first choice under the Edit menu will be Undo Edit
Hyperlink and when you choose that option, the hyperlink
will be removed. The other choice is to highlight
the address and go to the tool bar and choose the icon
that looks like a green ball with chain links.
Look for the Remove Link option in the box that pops
open. (It is located near the lower right side.)
When you click on that option the link will be removed.
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ENCYCLOPEDIA: PRINT
Detailed Instructions
1. Author,
last name first. If
the article has more than one author the second author is listed
first name, last name. For example: Carter, Louise and
Margaret Maynard. Use only the first two authors, even if the
article has more than two authors. If your author has a
middle name or title (such as Jr., etc.,) the middle name and/or
title follow the first name. Place a comma after the name and
before a title such as Jr. Place a period after the
author's name.
Example: Burke, James Grayson, Jr.
2. Article title. Remember to
capitalize all the important words in the title, even if the
original title does not capitalize the words. If the article has
a subtitle, place a colon between the main title and the
subtitle. (If the article is split into subdivisions, use the
subdivision title as as subtitle to the main article.
Example: "Peru: Economy.") Place quotation marks
around the title. Place a period after the title of the
article and before the ending quotation mark.
Example: "Yellowstone Park."
3. Name of
the encyclopedia. Italicize the name of the
encyclopedia. For example: The Encyclopedia Americana.
Place a period after the name of the encyclopedia. Do not
italicize the period. Use the encyclopedia name as it
appears on the title page.
4. Edition.
Place a period after edition number. Use the abbreviation
for edition (ed.). For example: 22nd ed.
5. Date of
publication.
Use the most current date that appears on the back of the title
page. Use the abbreviation for edition (ed.) after the
publication date if there is no edition number on the title
page. Place a period after the date of publication. For
example: 2010 ed.
6.
Format.
MLA
requires you to identify the format of the work, i.e., DVD,
CD-ROM, Web, etc. For print place the word Print. and
then place a period at
the end of the format information. Be sure to capitalize
the P in Print.
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Internet
|
INTERNET: PERSONAL HOME PAGES
Detailed
Instructions
1. Author,
last name first.
If the page has more than one author the second author is listed
first name, last name. For example: Carter, Louise and
Margaret Maynard. Use only the first two authors, even if the
page has more than two authors. If your author has a
middle name or title (such as Jr., etc.,) the middle name and/or
title follow the first name. Place a comma after the name and
before a title such as Jr. Place a period after the
author's name.
Example: Burke, James Grayson, Jr.
2.
Home page. Type the term Home page. Do not
italicize or use quotation marks. You capitalize the H for
Home, but do not capitalize the p on page. Place a period
after the word page. Example: Home page.
3. Publication/Revision date.
Use the day month year format. For example: 25 April 2007 or 1
Feb. 2007. It is acceptable to abbreviate the months, but
use the full year. For example: 22 Feb. 2007. but not 22
Feb. 07. Place a period after the date.
4.
Format.
MLA
requires you to identify the format of the work, i.e., DVD,
CD-ROM, Web, etc. For materials accessed by opening the
world wide web, (whether a source original to the Internet, or a
database) place the word Web. and
then place a period at
the end of the format information. Be sure to capitalize
the W in Web.
5. Access Date. This is the
date you visited (accessed) the web page (information).
Use the day month year format. For example: 16 May 20010.
It is acceptable to abbreviate the months, but use the full
year. For example: 22 Feb. 20011 but not 22 Feb. '11.
Place a period after the access date.
6.
URL (address of the web page).
This information is located in a box in the tool bar.
The box will be titled either "Address," or "Location."
Remember, you must include the http:// in the address.
It is not acceptable to use only the www. when citing URLs.
Be sure to remove the hyperlink...do not leave the link 'live'.
Place angle brackets around the address. Place a period after
the final angle bracket.
Example: < http://www.windows.umich.edu>.
|
HINT:
Removing a live link:
Sometimes Word is too helpful and turns links live as
they are typed into the document. There are two
easy ways to remove a live link when you are typing the
works cited. The fastest way is to use the Edit
menu immediately after the link turns live. The
first choice under the Edit menu will be Undo Edit
Hyperlink and when you choose that option, the hyperlink
will be removed. The other choice is to highlight
the address and go to the tool bar and choose the icon
that looks like a green ball with chain links.
Look for the Remove Hyperlink option in the box that
pops open. (It is located near the lower right side.)
When you click on that option the link will be removed.
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INTERNET:
WEB SITES
Detailed
Instructions
1.
Author, last name first.
If the web page has more than one author the second author is
listed
first name, last name. For example: Carter, Louise and
Margaret Maynard. Use only the first two
authors, even if the book has more than two authors. If
your author has a middle name or title (such
as Jr., etc.,) the middle name and/or title follow the first
name. Place a comma after the name and
before a title such as Jr. Place a period after the
author's name.
Example: Burke, James Grayson, Jr.
2. Title of the web page.
Remember to capitalize all
the important words in the title, even
if the original title does not capitalize the words.
Be certain to include a subtitle if one is part
of the complete web page title. Use quotation marks
around the title. Place a period after the
title of the article and before the ending quotation mark.
Punctuation exception: If the article
title ends in a punctuation mark such as a ? or a ! do not use a
period after this mark, just
use the ? or the ! and then place the final quotation mark.
Example: "Iron Man?"
3. Publication/Revision date. Place
a period after the date. Use the day month year
format. For example: 25 April 2007 or 1 Feb. 2007. It is
acceptable to abbreviate the months,
but use the full year. For example: 22 Feb. 2007, but not
22 Feb. 07.
4.
Publisher/Sponsor. This refers to who made the
web page possible. For example: the web page,
"Snowmobiling in Yellowstone." is sponsored by the Yellowstone
National Park Service.
5.
Format.
MLA
requires you to identify the format of the work, i.e., DVD,
CD-ROM, Web, etc. For materials accessed by opening the
world wide web, (whether a source original to the Internet, or a
database) place the word Web. and
then place a period at
the end of the format information. Be sure to capitalize
the W in Web.
6. Access Date. This is the
date you visited (accessed) the web page (information).
Use the day month year format. For example: 16 May 2007.
It is acceptable to abbreviate the months, but use the full
year. For example: 22 Feb. 2007, but not 22 Feb. 07.
7.
URL (address of the web page).
This information is located in a box in the tool bar. The
box will be titled either "Address," or "Location."
Remember, you must include the http:// in the address.
It is not acceptable to use only the www. when citing URLs.
Be sure to remove the hyperlink...do not leave the link 'live'.
Place angle brackets around the address. Place a period after
the final angle bracket.
Example: < http://www.windows.umich.edu>.
|
HINT:
Removing a live link:
Sometimes Word is too helpful and turns links live as
they are typed into the document. There are two
easy ways to remove a live link when you are typing the
works cited. The fastest way is to use the Edit
menu immediately after the link turns live. The
first choice under the Edit menu will be Undo Edit
Hyperlink and when you choose that option, the hyperlink
will be removed. The other choice is to highlight
the address and go to the tool bar and choose the icon
that looks like a green ball with chain links.
Look for the Remove Link option in the box that pops
open. (It is located near the lower right side.)
When you click on that option the link will be removed.
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Interview
|
INTERVIEW:
PERSONAL
Detailed Instructions
1. Name of the person interviewed, last name
first. If the person has a middle name
or title
(such as Jr., etc.,) the middle name and/or title follow the
first name.
Place a comma
after
the name and
before a title such as Jr. Place a
period after the author information.
Example:
Burke, James Grayson, Jr.
2. Interview type. Identify whether it
was a Personal interview, an E-mail interview, or
a Telephone
interview. Capitalize the first letter of the first
word, but do not capitalize the
word
interview. Do not underline or use quotation marks.
Place a period after the word
interview.
Example: Telephone interview.
3. Date of the interview. Use the MLA
date format of day, month, year.
For example:
25 April 2007
or 1 Feb. 2007. It is acceptable to abbreviate the
months, but use the full
year.
For example: 22 Feb. 2007, but not 22 Feb. 07. Place a
period after the date.
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|
INTERVIEW:
Internet
Detailed Instructions
1. Name of the person interviewed,
last name first. If the person interviewed has
a middle name or title
(such as Jr., etc.,) the middle name and/or title follow
the first name.
Place a comma after the
name and before a title such as Jr.
Place a period after the author
information.
Example: Burke, James
Grayson, Jr.
2. Name of
the person who conducted the interview. Place
the phrase Interviewed by
just before the
2.
Interview. Type the word Interview. Do
not underline or use quotation marks.
Place a period after the
word Interview Example: Interview.
3. Title of the web page.
Italicize the title of the web page. Place a
period after the
web page title, but
do not italicize the period. Example:
CNN.
4. Date of the interview. Use the
MLA date format of day, month, year.
For example:
25 April 2010 or 1 Feb.
2009. It is acceptable to abbreviate the months,
but use the full
year. For example:
22 Feb. 2007, but not 22 Feb. 10. Place a period
after the year.
5. Access Date. This is the date you
visited (accessed) the web page (information). Use
the day month year
format. For example: 16 May 2007. It is
acceptable to abbreviate the
months, but use the full
year. For example: 22 Feb. 2007, but not 22 Feb. 07.
6. URL
(address of the web page).
This information is located in a box in the tool bar.
The box will be titled
either "Address," or "Location." Place angle
brackets around the
address. Place a period
after the final angle bracket. Remember, you must
include the http:// in the
address. It is not
acceptable to use only the www. when citing URLs.
Example: <http://www.windows.umich.edu>.
|
HINT:
Removing a live link:
Sometimes Word is too helpful and turns links
live as they are typed into the document.
There are two easy ways to remove a live link
when you are typing the works cited. The
fastest way is to use the Edit menu immediately
after the link turns live. The first
choice under the Edit menu will be Undo Edit
Hyperlink and when you choose that option, the
hyperlink will be removed. The other
choice is to highlight the address and go to the
tool bar and choose the icon that looks like a
green ball with chain links. Look for the
Remove Link option in the box that pops open.
(It is located near the lower right side.)
When you click on that option the link will be
removed. |
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INTERVIEW: Media
Detailed Instructions
1. Name of the person interviewed, last name
first. If the person has a middle name
or title
(such as Jr., etc.,) the middle name and/or title follow the
first name.
Place a comma
after
the name and
before a title such as Jr. Place a
period after the author information.
Example:
Burke, James Grayson, Jr.
2. Name of the interviewer
2. Interview type. Identify whether it
was a Personal interview, an E-mail interview, or
a Telephone
interview. Capitalize the first letter of the first
word, but do not capitalize the
word
interview. Do not underline or use quotation marks.
Place a period after the word
interview.
Example: Telephone interview.
3. Date of the interview. Use the MLA
date format of day, month, year.
For example:
25 April 2007
or 1 Feb. 2007. It is acceptable to abbreviate the
months, but use the full
year.
For example: 22 Feb. 2007, but not 22 Feb. 07. Place a
period after the year.
|
Media
|
ART WORKS: Viewed in person
Detailed Instructions
1. Artist,
last name first.
The artist's name is written using the last name first.
Place a comma between the last name and the first name.
If your artist has a middle name or title (such as Jr., etc.,)
the middle name and/or title follow the first name. Place a
comma after
the name and before a title such as Jr.
Place a period after the author information.
Example: Burke, James Grayson, Jr.
2. Title of
the art work.
Italicize the title (and subtitle if the art work has one).
If the art work has a subtitle, place a colon between the title
and the subtitle . Place a period after the title (or subtitle).
Do not underline the period. Examples: Madame X.
or When Dickinson Shut Her Eyes: For Felix.
3. Date the work was created.
Include only the year the artist created the work.
4. Identify who owns
the art work. Name the museum or private collection
that owns the art work. Place a comma after the name of
the owner.
4. Geographic
location of the art work. Name the city where the
museum or private collection is located. If the city is
not well-known, such as New York, Los Angeles, etc., then also
list the state. Place a comma between the city and the
state and use the post office codes for the state abbreviation.
Place a period after the geographic location information.
Example: Great Falls, MT. or
New York.
|
|
ART WORKS: Appearing in a print format
Detailed Instructions
1. Artist,
last name first.
The artist's name is written using the last name first.
Place a comma between the last name and the first name.
If your artist has a middle name or title (such as Jr., etc.,)
the middle name and/or title follow the first name. Place a
comma after
the name and before a title such as Jr.
Place a period after the author information.
Example: Burke, James Grayson, Jr.
2. Title of
the art work.
Underline the title (and subtitle if the art work has one).
If the art work has a subtitle, place a colon between the title
and the subtitle. Place a period after the title (or subtitle).
Do not italicize the period. Examples: Madame X.
or When Dickinson Shut Her Eyes: For Felix.
3. Identify who owns
the art work. Name the museum or private collection
that owns the art work. Place a comma after that name.
4. Title of the book
where you found the print. Italicize the title of the
book. If the book
has a subtitle, place a colon between the title and the subtitle.
Place a period after the title (or subtitle). Do not
italicize the period. Example: History of Modern
Art.
5. Author or editor
of the book where you found the print. If the book has an
author, type the word By in front of the author's name.
Type the author's name first name and then last name. (This is
the opposite of what happens when the author's name is used at
the beginning of a citation.) Place a period after the author's
name. Example: By H.H. Arnason and Marla F. Prather.
If the book has an editor rather than an author, use the
abbreviation Ed. rather than the word
By. If there is more than one editor, use Eds.
Place a period after the Ed. or Eds. Example:
Ed. Martin K. Hall. or Eds. Rachel
Carlton and Ray B. Thomas.
6.
Place of publication.
Use the first city named if more than one city is named.
If the publication places included New York, London, Toronto and
Sydney; you would use New York as the place of publication.
If the city name is not well known, such as New York, use the
state or country abbreviation after the city name. Use the U.S.
Postal Service abbreviations. Place a comma
between the city and the state or country names. Place a
colon at the end of the place name. Example:
Englewood, NJ: or Detroit:
7.
Publisher.
Identify who published the book. Shorten the publishers name and
delete Co. or Inc. For example, Harper, Rowe and Collins,
Inc., would be cited as Harper. If your publisher is a
university, abbreviate the university press to UP.
Example: Oklahoma University Press is cited as Oklahoma
UP, Place a comma after the publisher's name.
8.
Publication date.
Place the publication date (copyright date) following the
publisher. Remember, the copyright date most often appears on
the back side of the title page. The date may say that it
is a copyright date, or it may use the © symbol to designate the
copyright date. Use the latest date. For example, if the
publication dates include 1959, 1964, 1982 and 1994, use the
1994 date.
Place a period after the
publication date.
9. Page number.
Identify the page number where the print appears in the book.
Place a period after the page number.
10. Publication format.
MLA requires you to identify the format of the work, i.e., DVD,
CD-ROM, Web, etc. For print materials, place the word
Print. after the period at
the end of the page number information. Be sure to capitalize
the P in print and to place a period after the word.
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ART WORKS: ONLINE
Detailed Instructions
1. Artist,
last name first.
The artist's name is written using the last name first.
Place a comma between the last name and the first name.
If your artist has a middle name or title (such as Jr., etc.,)
the middle name and/or title follow the first name. Place a
comma after
the name and before a title such as Jr.
Place a period after the author information.
Example: Burke, James Grayson, Jr. or
O'Keefe, Georgia.
2. Title of
the art work.
Italicize the title (and subtitle if the art work has one).
If the art work has a subtitle, place a colon between the title
and the subtitle. Place a period after the title (or subtitle).
Do not italicize the period. Example: Venus
Rising.
3. Identify who owns
the art work. Name the museum or private collection
that owns the art work. Place a comma after the name.
Example: Metropolitan Museum of Art. or
Private Collection.
4. Title
of the web page. Italicize the title of the web
page you used to obtain the information.
5. Publication format. MLA requires
you to identify the format of the work, i.e., DVD, CD-ROM, Web,
etc. For information located using the world wide web,
place the word Web.
after the title of the web page. Be sure to
capitalize the W in Web and to place a period after the word.
6. Access Date. This is the date you
visited (accessed) the web page (information). Use
the day month year format. For example: 16 May 2007.
It is acceptable to abbreviate the
months, but use the full year. Example: 22 Feb. 2007,
but not 22 Feb. 07.
7. URL (address of the web page).
This information is located in a box in the tool bar.
The box will be titled either "Address," or "Location."
Place angle brackets around the
address. < > Place a period after the final angle bracket.
Remember, you must include the http://
in the address. It is not acceptable to use only the
www. when citing URLs
Example: <http://www.windows.umich.edu>.
|
HINT:
Removing a live link:
Sometimes Word is too helpful and turns links live
as they are typed into the document. There are
two easy ways to remove a live link when you are
typing the works cited. The fastest way is to
use the Edit menu immediately after the link turns
live. The first choice under the Edit menu
will be Undo Edit Hyperlink and when you choose that
option, the hyperlink will be removed. The
other choice is to highlight the address and go to
the tool bar and choose the icon that looks like a
green ball with chain links. Look for the
Remove Link option in the box that pops open. (It is
located near the lower right side.) When you
click on that option the link will be removed.
|
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ART WORKS: Appearing in
a database
Detailed Instructions
1. Artist,
last name first.
The artist's name is written using the last name first.
Place a comma between the last name and the first name.
If your artist has a middle name or title (such as Jr., etc.,)
the middle name and/or title follow the first name. Place a
comma after
the name and before a title such as Jr.
Place a period after the author information.
Example: Burke, James Grayson, Jr.
2. Title of
the art work.
Underline the title (and subtitle if the art work has one).
If the art work has a subtitle, place a colon between the title
and the subtitle. Place a period after the title (or subtitle).
Do not italicize the period. Examples: Madame X.
or When Dickinson Shut Her Eyes: For Felix.
3. Identify who owns
the art work. Name the museum or private collection
that owns the art work. Place a comma after that name.
4. Title of the book
the database used as a source for the image. Italicize
the title of the book.
If the book has a subtitle, place a colon between the title and
the subtitle. Place a period
after the title (or subtitle). Do not italicize the
period. Example: History of Modern Art.
5. Author or editor
of the book where you found the print. If the book has an
author, type the word By in front of the author's name.
Type the author's name first name and then last name. (This is
the opposite of what happens when the author's name is used at
the beginning of a citation.) Place a period after the author's
name. Example: By H.H. Arnason and Marla F. Prather.
If the book has an editor rather than an author, use the
abbreviation Ed. rather than the word
By. If there is more than one editor, use Eds.
Place a period after the Ed. or Eds. Example:
Ed. Martin K. Hall. or Eds. Rachel
Carlton and Ray B. Thomas.
6.
Place of publication.
Use the first city named if more than one city is named.
If the publication places included New York, London, Toronto and
Sydney; you would use New York as the place of publication.
If the city name is not well known, such as New York, use the
state or country abbreviation after the city name. Use the U.S.
Postal Service abbreviations. Place a comma
between the city and the state or country names. Place a
colon at the end of the place name. Example:
Englewood, NJ: or Detroit:
7.
Publisher.
Identify who published the book. Shorten the publishers name and
delete Co. or Inc. For example, Harper, Rowe and Collins,
Inc., would be cited as Harper. If your publisher is a
university, abbreviate the university press to UP.
Example: Oklahoma University Press is cited as Oklahoma
UP, Place a comma after the publisher's name.
8.
Publication date.
Place the publication date (copyright date) following the
publisher. Remember, the copyright date most often appears on
the back side of the title page. The date may say that it
is a copyright date, or it may use the © symbol to designate the
copyright date. Use the latest date. For example, if the
publication dates include 1959, 1964, 1982 and 1994, use the
1994 date.
Place a period after the
publication date.
9. Database
information
Credit the name of the database and italicize the database name.
Place a period after the name. Example: Biographies Plus
Illustrated.
10.
Database publisher.
Credit the publisher of the database, i.e., Facts on File, Gale,
Oxford, Wilson Web. Do not italicize the database
publisher, but place a period after the publisher's name.
11. Format. MLA
requires you to identify the format of the work, i.e., DVD,
CD-ROM, Web, etc. For materials accessed by opening the
world wide web, (whether a source original to the Internet, or a
database) place the word Web. and
then place a period at
the end of the format information. Be sure to capitalize
the W in Web.
12. Access
Date. This is
the date you looked-up the information (read the article).
Use the day month year format. For example: 10 May 2010.
It is acceptable to abbreviate the months, but use the full
year. For example: 22 Feb. 2010, but not 22 Feb. '10.
|
|
CARTOON:
ONLINE
Detailed Instructions
1. Cartoonist, last name first.
The cartoonist's name is written using the last name first.
Place a comma between the last name and the first name.
If your cartoonist has a middle name or title (such as Jr.,
etc.,) the middle name and/or title follow the first name.
Place a comma after the name and before a title such as Jr.
Place a period after the author information.
Example: Burke, James Grayson, Jr.
or
Larson, Gary.
2. Title of
the
cartoon.
Remember to capitalize all the important words in the title,
even if the original title does not capitalize the words.
Place quotation marks around the cartoon title. Place a period
at the end of the article title and before the closing quotation
mark. If the cartoon has a subtitle, place a colon between
the title and the subtitle and place the period at the end of
the subtitle and before the closing quotation mark.
Example: "Birth of Science." or
"Invasion: The Skewed World Dr. Space."
3. Cartoon.
Type the word Cartoon. Place a period after the word
Cartoon.
4. Web page name.
Type the name of the web page where you found the cartoon.
Underline the web page name. Place a period after the web
page name.
Example: Calvin and Hobbes JumpStation.
5. Access Date. This is the
date you visited (accessed) the web page (information).
Use the day month year format. Example: 16 May 2007.
It is acceptable to abbreviate the months, but use the full
year. Example: 22 Feb. 2007, but not 22 Feb. 07.
6. URL (address of the web page).
This information is located in a box in the tool bar. The box
will be titled either "Address," or "Location." Place
angle brackets around the address. Place a period after the
final angle bracket. Remember, you must include the
http:// in the address. It is not acceptable to use
only the www. when citing URLs.
Example: < http://www.windows.umich.edu>
|
HINT:
Removing a live link:
Sometimes Word is too helpful and turns links live
as they are typed into the document. There are
two easy ways to remove a live link when you are
typing the works cited. The fastest way is to
use the Edit menu immediately after the link turns
live. The first choice under the Edit menu
will be Undo Edit Hyperlink and when you choose that
option, the hyperlink will be removed. The
other choice is to highlight the address and go to
the tool bar and choose the icon that looks like a
green ball with chain links. Look for the
Remove Link option in the box that pops open. (It is
located near the lower right side.) When you
click on that option the link will be removed.
|
|
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DVD/ VIDEO CASSETTE
(Detailed Instructions)
1. Title of the film.
Remember to capitalize all the important words, even if the
original title does not capitalize.
Underline the title (and
subtitle if the DVD has one). If the DVD has a subtitle,
place a colon between the title and the subtitle.
Place a period at the end of the title name. Do not
underline the period. Example: Die Hard 2: Die
Harder.
2. Director.
Begin by typing Dir. (note the period after the Dir.).
Type the director's name first name and then last name. (This is
the opposite of what happens when a name appears at the
beginning of a citation.) Place a period after the director's
name. Example: Dir. Stephen Spielberg.
3.
Performers.
Begin by typing Perf. (note
the period after the Perf.). Type the perfomers' names
using the first name and then last name format. (This is the
opposite of what happens when a name appears at the beginning of
a citation.) Place a period after the performers' name. Example:
Perf. Liam Neeson, Ben Kingsley, Ralph Finnes, and
Caroline Goodall.
4. Format. List the format type, i.e.,
DVD, Blu-ray, Video cassette, etc. Place a period after
the format type. Example: DVD. or
Blu-Ray.
5. Distribution Studio. Identify the
studio that distributed the film. Place a comma after the
studio name. Example: MGM,
6. Copyright date of the film. The
copyright date follows immediately after the studio name.
Use the full year. Place a period after the copyright
date.
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FILM/FILM CLIPS: DATABASES
Detailed
Instructions
1. Director
or producer, last name first.
Place a comma between the person's last name and first name.
Place a comma after the first name. After the comma, type
dir. for director or prod. for producer. Place a period
after the dir. or prod.
Example: Ford, John, dir.
2.
Title of the film. Remember to capitalize all the
important words, even if the original title does not capitalize.
Underline the title (and subtitle if the film has one). If
the film has a subtitle, place a colon between the title and the
subtitle. Place a
period at the end of the title name. Do not underline the
period.
Example: Die Hard 2: Die Harder.
3. Copyright date
of the film. Use the full year. Place a period
after the copyright date.
4. Database Name.
Place the name of the database where the article was located.
Underline the name and place a period after the name. Do
not underline the period. Example: Encyclopædia
Britannica Online School Edition.
5.
Database Publisher.
Credit the publisher of the database, i.e., Facts on File, Gale,
Oxford, Wilson Web. Do not underline the database
publisher, but place a period after the publisher's name.
6.
Name of the subscribing library. Place the name of the
library whose subscription to InfoTrac was used to access the
information. In this case it is BisonLibrary. Place
a comma after the name of the library. If the library name
does not contain the name of the city where it is located,
include the city name. Place a comma after the city name.
Next, place the state abbreviation. Use the U.S. Postal service
state abbreviations. Place a period after the state
abbreviation.
Example: BisonLibrary, Great Falls, MT. or
Great Falls High School, MT.
7.
Access date. Use the MLA date style. This style
requires the page number be placed first, followed
by the full spelling of the month (the month may be abbreviated
using the standard month abbreviations, e.g. Sept., Jan., etc).
Place the full year after the month, e.g. 2003 not 03.
Example: 12 Jan. 2003 or 12 January 2003. There is no
punctuation mark following the year.
8.
URL (address of the web page).
This information is located in a box in the tool bar. The
box will be titled
either "Address," or "Location." Remember, you must
include the http:// in the
address. It
is not acceptable to use only the www. when citing URLs.
Be sure to remove the
hyperlink...do not
leave the link 'live'. Place angle brackets around the address.
Place a period
after the final
angle bracket.
Example: <http://school.eb.com/>.
|
HINT:
Removing a live link:
Sometimes Word is too helpful and turns links live
as they are typed into the document. There are
two easy ways to remove a live link when you are
typing the works cited. The fastest way is to
use the Edit menu immediately after the link turns
live. The first choice under the Edit menu
will be Undo Edit Hyperlink and when you choose that
option, the hyperlink will be removed. The
other choice is to highlight the address and go to
the tool bar and choose the icon that looks like a
green ball with chain links. Look for the
Remove Link option in the box that pops open. (It is
located near the lower right side.) When you
click on that option the link will be removed.
|
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FILM/FILM CLIPS:
ONLINE
Detailed
Instructions
1. Director or producer, last name first.
Place a comma between the person's last name and first name.
Place a comma after the first name. After the comma, type
dir. for director or prod. for producer. Place a period
after the dir. or prod.
Example: Ford, John, dir.
2.
Title of the film. Remember to capitalize all the
important words, even if the original title does not capitalize.
Underline the title (and subtitle if the film has one). If
the film has a subtitle, place a colon between the title and the
subtitle. Place a
period at the end of the title name. Do not underline the
period.
Example: Die Hard 2: Die Harder.
3. Copyright date
of the film. Use the full year. Place a period
after the copyright date.
4. Web page name.
Type the name of the web page where you found the film or film
clip. Underline the web page name. Place a period
after the web page name.
Example: Amazing Juggling Finale.
5. Access Date. This is the
date you visited (accessed) the web page (information).
Use
the day month year format. For example: 16 May 2007.
It is acceptable to abbreviate the
months, but use the full year. Example: 22 Feb. 2007, but not
22 Feb. 07.
6.
URL (address of the web page).
This information is located in a box in the tool bar. The box
will be titled either "Address," or "Location." Remember,
you must include the http:// in the address. It is
not acceptable to use only the www. when citing URLs. Be
sure to remove the hyperlink...do not leave the link 'live'.
Place angle brackets around the address. Place a period after
the final angle bracket.
Example: <http://video.google.com/videoplay?docid=4776181634656145640>.
|
HINT:
Removing a live link:
Sometimes Word is too helpful and turns links live
as they are typed into the document. There are
two easy ways to remove a live link when you are
typing the works cited. The fastest way is to
use the Edit menu immediately after the link turns
live. The first choice under the Edit menu
will be Undo Edit Hyperlink and when you choose that
option, the hyperlink will be removed. The
other choice is to highlight the address and go to
the tool bar and choose the icon that looks like a
green ball with chain links. Look for the
Remove Hyperlink option in the box that pops open.
(It is located near the lower right side.)
When you click on that option the link will be
removed. |
|
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|
MUSIC: SOUND
RECORDINGS
Detailed Instructions
|
NOTE:
There are different forms for
citing live performances, music from a television
program or music from a movie. Please refer to
the MLA Handbook for Research Writers
(REF 808.027 G43) for those citation formats. |
1. Group or Artist name.
List the group name as it is. If the piece has
an individual artist, list the
artist last name first. If
there is more than one artist, the second artist is
listed first name, last name.
For example: Hill, Faith and Tim
McGraw. If your artist has a middle name or
title (such as Jr., etc.,)
the middle name and/or title follow
the first name. Place a comma after the name and
before a title
such as Jr. Place a period
after the author's name.
Example: Connick, Harry, Jr.
2. Title of the piece. Remember to
capitalize all the important words in the title,
even if the
original title does not capitalize
the words. If the article has a subtitle, place a
colon between the
title and the subtitle. Use quotation
marks around the title. Place a period after
the title of the
article and before the ending
quotation mark.
Example: "100 Years."
3. Recording date.
This is the date that the piece was actually
recorded. Use the day
month
year format. For example: 16 May
2007. It is acceptable to abbreviate the
months, but use the full year.
Example: 22 Feb. 2007, but not 22 Feb. 07.
4. Album Title.
Identify the name of the album where the piece is
included.
Remember to
capitalize all the important words in the
title, even if the original title does not
capitalize the words.
Underline the album title and place a
period after the title. Do not underline the period.
5. Record company.
Identify the name of the record company that
released the recording.
Place a period after the name of the record
company.
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MUSIC: PUBLISHED
COMPOSITIONS
Detailed Instructions
1. Composer or song writer's name.
List the group name as it is. If the piece has
an individual
artist, list the artist last name
first. If there is more than one artist, the
second artist is listed first
name, last name. For example: Rogers,
Richard and Oscar Hammerstein, II. If
your artist has a
middle name or title
(such as Jr., etc.,) the middle name and/or title
follow the first name. Place a
comma after the name and before a
title such as Jr. Place a period after the
author's name.
Example: Connick, Harry, Jr.
2. Title of the piece. Remember to
capitalize all the important words in the title,
even if the
original title does not capitalize
the words. If the composition has a subtitle, place
a colon between the
title and the subtitle. Underline the
title. Place a period after the title.
Do not underline the period.
Example: Symphony
No. 5 in C Minor., Op. 92.
3. Place of publication.
Use the first city named if more than one city is
named. If the publication
places included New York, London,
Toronto and Sydney; you would use New York as the
place
of publication. If the
city name is not well known, such as New York, use
the state or country
abbreviation after the city name. Use
the U.S. Postal Service abbreviations. Place a comma
between
the city and the state or country
names. Place a colon at the end of the place
name.
Example: Englewood, NJ:
4.
Publisher.
Identify who published the work. Place a comma
after the publisher's name.
Shorten the publishers name and
delete Co. or Inc. For example, Harper, Rowe
and Collins, Inc.,
would be cited as Harper.
If the publisher is a university, abbreviate the
university press to UP.
Place a comma
after the publisher's name.
Example: Oklahoma University Press is cited as
Oklahoma UP,
5.
Publication date.
Place the publication date following the Publisher.
Place a period after
the publication date.
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PHOTOGRAPHS:
DATABASES
Detailed Instructions
|
NOTE:
Sometimes you are not able to
locate the name of the photographer, a title for the
photograph, or identify if the photograph belongs to
a museum or in a private collection. In those
instances, cite the information that is available.
Example: The picture below does not identify
the
photographer or if the photograph belongs to a
museum or private collector. It does not even
have a formal title. If this is the case, give
a description of the subject of the photo. For
example,
you could title the picture
to the left as, "Boeing B17F or the Flying
Fortress."
|
1.
Photographer, last name first.
Place a comma between the photographer's last name
and
first name. Place a comma after the first
name. After the comma, type dir. for director
or
prod.
for producer. Place a period after the dir. or
prod.
Example: Ford, John, dir.
2.
Title of the photograph. Remember to capitalize all
the important words, even if the original title does not
capitalize.
If the photo has a subtitle, place a colon between the title
and the subtitle.
Underline the title (and subtitle).
Place a period at the end of the title name. Do not
underline the period. Example: Latch and Chain.
3. Copyright date
of the photo. Use the full year. Place a period
after the copyright date.
4. Database Name.
Place the name of the database where the photograph was located.
Underline the name and place a period after the name. Do
not underline the period. Example: Biographies Plus.
5.
Database Publisher.
Credit the publisher of the database, i.e., Facts on File, Gale,
Oxford, WilsonWeb. Do not underline the database
publisher, but place a period after the publisher's name.
6.
Name of the subscribing library. Place the name of the
library whose subscription to InfoTrac was used to access the
information. In this case it is BisonLibrary. Place
a comma after the name of the library. If the library name
does not contain the name of the city where it is located,
include the city name. Place a comma after the city name.
Next, place the state abbreviation. Use the U.S. Postal service
state abbreviations. Place a period after the state
abbreviation.
Example: BisonLibrary, Great Falls, MT. or
Great Falls High School, MT.
7.
Access date. Use the MLA date style. This style
requires the page number be placed first, followed
by the full spelling of the month (the month may be abbreviated
using the standard month abbreviations, e.g. Sept., Jan., etc).
Place the full year after the month, e.g. 2003 not 03.
Example: 12 Jan. 2003 or 12 January 2003. There is no
punctuation mark following the year.
8.
URL (address of the web page).
This information is located in a box in the tool bar. The
box will be titled
either "Address," or "Location." Remember, you must
include the http:// in the
address. It
is not acceptable to use only the www. when citing URLs.
Be sure to remove the
hyperlink...do not
leave the link 'live'. Place angle brackets around the address.
Place a period
after the final
angle bracket.
Example: <http://vnweb.hwwilsonweb.com/>.
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HINT:
Removing a live link:
Sometimes Word is too helpful and turns links live
as they are typed into the document. There are
two easy ways to remove a live link when you are
typing the works cited. The fastest way is to
use the Edit menu immediately after the link turns
live. The first choice under the Edit menu
will be Undo Edit Hyperlink and when you choose that
option, the hyperlink will be removed. The
other choice is to highlight the address and go to
the tool bar and choose the icon that looks like a
green ball with chain links. Look for the
Remove Link option in the box that pops open. (It is
located near the lower right side.) When you
click on that option the link will be removed.
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PHOTOGRAPHS: ONLINE
Detailed Instructions
|
NOTE:
Sometimes you are not able to
locate the name of the photographer, a title for the
photograph, or identify if the photograph belongs to
a museum or in a private collection. In those
instances, cite the information that is available.
Example: The picture below does not identify
the photographer or if the photograph belongs to a
museum or private collector. It does not even
have a formal title. If this is the case, give
a description of the subject of the photo. For
example,
you
could title the picture below as, "Boeing B17F or
the Flying Fortress." then identify the title of the
web page where you found the picture, the date you
accessed the web page and the URL of the web page.
|
1.
Photographer, last name first.
Place a comma between the photographer's last
name
and
first name. Place a comma after the first
name. After the comma, type dir. for
director or
prod.
for producer. Place a period after the
dir. or prod.
Example: Ford, John, dir.
2.
Title of the photograph. Remember to capitalize all
the important words, even if the original title does not
capitalize.
If the photo has a subtitle, place a colon between the title
and the subtitle.
Underline the title (and subtitle).
Place a period at the end of the title name. Do not
underline the period. Example: Die Hard 2: Die
Harder.
3. Copyright date
of the photo. Use the full year. Place a period
after the copyright date.
4.
Identify who owns the art work. Name the museum or
private collection that owns the photograph. Place a comma
after the name.
5.
Geographic location of the art work. Name the city
where the museum or private collection is located. If the
city is not well-known, such as New York, Los Angeles, etc.,
then also list the state. Place a comma between the city
and the state and use the post office codes for the state
abbreviation. Place a period after the geographic location
information.
Example: Great Falls, MT. or
New York.
6.
Web page name. Type the name of the web page where you
found the photograph. Underline the web page name.
Place a period after the web page name.
Example: Metropolitan Museum of Art.
7. Access Date. This is the
date you visited (accessed) the web page (information).
Use
the day month year format. For example: 16 May 2007.
It is acceptable to abbreviate the
months, but use the full year. Example: 22 Feb. 2007, but not
22 Feb. 07.
8.
URL (address of the web page).
This information is located in a box in the tool bar. The box
will be titled either "Address," or "Location." Remember,
you must include the http:// in the address. It is
not acceptable to use only the www. when citing URLs. Be
sure to remove the hyperlink...do not leave the link 'live'.
Place angle brackets around the address. Place a period after
the final angle bracket.
Example: <http://www.aviation-history.com/boeing/b-17.html>.
|
HINT:
Removing a live link:
Sometimes Word is too helpful and turns
links live as they are typed into the
document. There are two easy ways
to remove a live link when you are
typing the works cited. The
fastest way is to use the Edit menu
immediately after the link turns live.
The first choice under the Edit menu
will be Undo Edit Hyperlink and when you
choose that option, the hyperlink will
be removed. The other choice is to
highlight the address and go to the tool
bar and choose the icon that looks like
a green ball with chain links.
Look for the Remove Hyperlink option in
the box that pops open. (It is located
near the lower right side.) When
you click on that option the link will
be removed. |
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Periodicals
|
MAGAZINES:
DATABASES
Detailed
Instructions
1. Author,
last name first. Place a period at the end of the author
information. Author names appear in different places depending
on the magazine. Look on the first page of the magazine article,
at the end of the article, or on the table of contents. If the
article has two or more authors, only list the first two
authors.. The second author's name is written first name, last
name. For example: Carter, Louise and Margaret Maynard.
If your author has a middle name or title (such as Jr., Dr.,
etc.,) the middle name and/or title follows the first name.
Place a comma after the name and before a title such as Jr.
Example: Burke, James Grayson, Jr.
2. Title of
the article. Use quotation marks around the title.
Place a period after the title of the article and before the
ending quotation mark. For example: "Super Stars of the NFL."
Punctuation exception: If the article title ends in a
punctuation mark such as a ? or a ! do not use a period after
this mark, just use the ? or ! and then place the final
quotation mark. For example: "Iron Man!" Place a colon
between the main title and the subtitle if the article has a
subtitle.
3.
Magazine title. This is
the name of the magazine in which the article appears. For
example: Time or BMX Plus. Underline the
magazine title. There is no punctuation mark after the
magazine title.
4.
Volume and issue number. If your publication has a
volume and issue number, they are written as Arabic numbers (12)
and not as Roman Numerals (XII). The volume number appears
first, immediately followed by a period. The issue number
is also written as an Arabic number and follows the period with
no space in between. There is no punctuation mark after
the issue number. Example: 39.8
5.
Date the magazine was published. Place a colon after the
date. For example: 10 Feb. 1995: Use the day month year
format. For example: 5 May 1999. . Do not abbreviate
the year, i.e., do not use 24 April 99. For monthly
publications, use just the month and year. For example:
December 2000 or January/February if the magazine comes out once
every two months.
6.
Page numbers.
Place a period after the page
number. If a plus (+) mark follows immediately after the
page number it means the article is continued on non-consecutive
pages. You must include the plus mark in your citation.
7. Database
Name. Place the name of the database where the article
was located. Underline the name and place a period after
the name. Do not underline the period. Example: Expanded
Academic ASAP. or American History Online.
8.
Name of the subscribing library. Place the name of the
library whose subscription to InfoTrac was used to access the
information. In this case it is the Great Falls High
School Library. Be sure to include the state abbreviation.
Place a comma after Library and before the state abbreviation.
Place a period after the state abbreviation. Use the U.S.
Postal service state abbreviations. Example: Great Falls
High School Library, MT.
9.
Access date. Use the MLA date style. This style
requires the page number be placed first, followed by the full
spelling of the month (the month may be abbreviated using the
standard month abbreviations, e.g. Sept., Jan., etc).
Place the full year after the month, e.g. 2003 not 03.
Example: 12 Jan. 2003 or 12 January 2003. There is no
punctuation mark following the year.
10.
Internet address. Use the following address
<http://infotrac.galegroup.com>. Place the < > marks
around all Internet addresses. Place a period after the
final angle bracket.
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MAGAZINES:
PRINT
Detailed
Instructions
1. Author,
last name first. Place a period at the end of the author
information. Author names appear in different places depending
on the magazine. Look on the first page of the magazine article,
at the end of the article, or on the table of contents. If the
article has two or more authors, only list the first two
authors.. The second author's name is written first name, last
name. For example: Carter, Louise and Margaret Maynard.
If your author has a middle name or title (such as Jr., Dr.,
etc.,) the middle name and/or title follows the first name.
Place a comma after the name and before a title such as Jr.
Example: Burke, James Grayson, Jr.
2. Title of
the article. Use quotation marks around the title.
Place a period after the title of the article and before the
ending quotation mark. For example: "Super Stars of the NFL."
Punctuation exception: If the article title ends in a
punctuation mark such as a ? or a ! do not use a period after
this mark, just use the ? or ! and then place the final
quotation mark. For example: "Iron Man!" Place a colon
between the main title and the subtitle if the article has a
subtitle.
3. Magazine
title. This is the name of the magazine in which the article
appears. For example: Time or BMX Plus.
Underline the magazine title. There is no punctuation mark
after the magazine title.
4. Date the
magazine was published. Place a colon after the date. For
example: 10 Feb. 1995: Use the day month year format.
For example: 5 May 1999. Do not abbreviate the year, i.e.,
do not use 24 April 99. For monthly publications, use just
the month and year. For example: December 2000 or
January/February if the magazine comes out once every two
months.
5. Page
numbers. Place a period after the page number.
If a plus (+) mark follows immediately after the page number it
means the article is continued on non-consecutive pages. You
must include the plus mark in your citation
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ONLINE
MAGAZINES:
Detailed Instructions
1. Author,
last name first. Place a period at the end of the author
information. If the article has two or more authors, only
list the first two authors. The second author's name is written
first name, last name. For example: Carter, Louise and
Margaret Maynard. If your author has a middle name or
title (such as Jr., Dr., etc.,) the middle name and/or title
follows the first name. Place a comma after the name and before
a title such as Jr.
Example: Burke, James Grayson, Jr.
2. Title of
the article. Use quotation marks around the title.
Place a period after the title of the article and before the
ending quotation mark. For example: "Super Stars of the NFL."
Punctuation exception: If the article title ends in a
punctuation mark such as a ? or a ! do not use a period after
this mark, just use the ? or ! and then place the final
quotation mark. For example: "Iron Man!" Place a colon
between the main title and the subtitle if the article has a
subtitle.
3. Magazine
title. This is the name of the magazine in which the article
appears. For example: Emagazine.com. Underline the
magazine title. There is no punctuation mark after the
magazine title.
4.
Volume and issue number. If your publication has a
volume and issue number, they are written as Arabic numbers (12)
and not as Roman Numerals (XII). The volume number
appears first, immediately followed by a period. The issue
number is also written as an Arabic
number and follows the
period with no space in between. There is no punctuation
mark after
the issue number.
Example: 39.8
5.
Date the magazine was published. For example: 10 Feb. 1995:
Use the day month year format. For example: 5 May 1999.
Do not abbreviate the year, i.e., do not use 24 April 99.
For monthly publications, use just the month and year. For
example: December 2000 or January/February if the magazine
comes out once every two months.
Place the date in
parentheses and place a period outside the closing parenthesis
mark.
Example: (November/December 1998).
6.
Access date. Use the MLA date style. This style
requires the page number be placed first, followed
by the full spelling of the month (the month may be abbreviated
using the standard month abbreviations, e.g. Sept., Jan., etc).
Place the full year after the month, e.g. 2003 not 03.
Example: 12 Jan. 2003 or 12 January 2003. There is no
punctuation mark following the year.
7. URL (address of the web page).
This information is located in a box in the tool bar.
The
box will be titled either "Address," or "Location."
Remember, you must include the http:// in the
address. It is not acceptable to use only the www. when
citing URLs. Be sure to remove the
hyperlink...do not leave the link 'live'. Place angle brackets
around the address. Place a period
after the final angle bracket.
Example: <http://www.emagazine.com/novemberdecember_1998/1198feat2.html>.
|
HINT:
Removing a live link:
Sometimes Word is too helpful and turns links live as
they are typed into the document. There are two
easy ways to remove a live link when you are typing the
works cited. The fastest way is to use the Edit
menu immediately after the link turns live. The
first choice under the Edit menu will be Undo Edit
Hyperlink and when you choose that option, the hyperlink
will be removed. The other choice is to highlight
the address and go to the tool bar and choose the icon
that looks like a green ball with chain links.
Look for the Remove Link option in the box that pops
open. (It is located near the lower right side.)
When you click on that option the link will be removed.
|
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SCHOLARLY
JOURNAL: DATABASE
Detailed
Instructions
1. Author,
last name first.
Note, this is the title of the print book that is being read.
Ifthe book has more than one author the second author is listed
first name, last name. For example: Carter, Louise and
Margaret Maynard. Use only the first two authors, even if
the book has more than two authors. If your author has a
middle name or title (such as Jr., etc.,) the middle name and/or
title follow the first name. Place a comma after the name and
before a title such as Jr. Place a period after the
author's name.
Example: Burke, James Grayson, Jr.
2. Title of
the article. Remember to capitalize all the important words
in the title, even if the original title does not capitalize the
words. If the article has a subtitle, place a colon between the
title and the subtitle. Use quotation marks around the title.
Place a period after the title of the article and before the
ending quotation mark. For example: "Super Stars of the NFL."
Punctuation exception: If the article title ends in a
punctuation mark such as a ? or a ! do not use a period after
this mark, just use the ? or ! and then place the final
quotation mark.
Example: "Iron Man!"
3.
Journal title.
This is the name of the journal in which the article appears.
For example: Journal of Psychology or African American
Review. Underline the journal title. There is no
punctuation mark after the journal title.
4.
Volume and issue number. If your publication has a
volume and issue number, they are written as Arabic numbers (12)
and not as Roman Numerals (XII). The volume number appears
first, immediately followed by a period. The issue number
is also written as an Arabic number and follows the period with
no space in between. There is no punctuation mark after
the issue number. Example: 39.8
4. Date the
journal was published. Place a colon after the date. For
example: 10 Feb. 2005: Use the day month year format.
For example: 5 May 2000. Do not abbreviate the year, i.e.,
do not use 24 April 07. For monthly publications, use just
the month and year. For example: December 2007 or
January/February 2007 if the magazine comes out once every two
months.
5. Page
numbers. Place a period after the page number.
If a plus (+) mark follows immediately after the page number it
means the article is continued on non-consecutive pages. You
must include the plus mark in your citation.
6. Database Name.
Place the name of the database where the article was located.
Underline the name and place a period after the name. Do
not underline the period. Example: Facts On File.
or Gale.
7.
Database Publisher.
Credit the publisher of the
database, i.e., Facts on File, Gale, Oxford, Wilson Web.
Do not underline the database publisher, but place a period
after the publisher's name.
8.
Name of the subscribing library. Place the name of the
library whose subscription to InfoTrac was used to access the
information. In this case it is BisonLibrary. Place
a comma after the library name. If the library name does
not contain the name of the city where it is located, include
the city name. Place a comma after the city name. Next,
place the state abbreviation. Use the U.S. Postal service state
abbreviations. Place a period after the state
abbreviation. Example: BisonLibrary, Great Falls,
MT. or Great Falls High School, MT.
9.
Access date. Use the MLA date style. This style
requires the day of the month be placed first, followed by the
full spelling of the month or the month may be abbreviated using
the standard month abbreviations, e.g. Sept., Jan., etc.
Place the full year after the month, e.g. 2007 not 07.
Example: 12 Jan. 2007 or 12 January 2007. There is no
punctuation mark following the year.
10.
URL (address of the web page).
This information is located in a box in the tool bar.
The
box will be titled either "Address," or "Location."
Remember, you must include the http:// in the
address.
It is not acceptable to use only the www. when citing URLs.
Be sure to remove the
hyperlink...do not leave the link
'live'. Place angle brackets around the address. Place a period
after the final angle bracket.
Example: < http://infotrac.galegroup.com>.
|
HINT:
Removing a live link:
Sometimes Word is too helpful and turns links live as
they are typed into the document. There are two
easy ways to remove a live link when you are typing the
works cited. The fastest way is to use the Edit
menu immediately after the link turns live. The
first choice under the Edit menu will be Undo Edit
Hyperlink and when you choose that option, the hyperlink
will be removed. The other choice is to highlight
the address and go to the tool bar and choose the icon
that looks like a green ball with chain links.
Look for the Remove Link option in the box that pops
open. (It is located near the lower right side.)
When you click on that option the link will be removed.
|
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SCHOLARLY JOURNAL: CONTINUOUS
PAGINATION
Detailed Instructions
1. Author,
last name first. Place a period at the end of the author
information. Author names appear in different places depending
on the magazine. Look on the first page of the magazine article,
at the end of the article, or on the table of contents. If the
article has two or more authors, only list the first two
authors.. The second author's name is written first name, last
name. For example: Carter, Louise and Margaret Maynard.
If your author has a middle name or title (such as Jr., Dr.,
etc.,) the middle name and/or title follows the first name. For
example: Burke, James Grayson, Jr.
2. Title of
the article. Use quotation marks around the title.
Place a period after the title of the article and before the
ending quotation mark. For example: "Super Stars of the NFL."
Punctuation exception: If the article title ends in a
punctuation mark such as a ? or a ! do not use a period after
this mark, just use the ? or ! and then place the final
quotation mark. For example: "Iron Man!" Place a colon
between the main title and the subtitle if the article has a
subtitle.
3. Journal
title. This is the name of the journal in which the article
appears. For example: The Journal of Psychology
Underline the journal title. There is no punctuation mark
after the journal title.
4.
Volume number. Type the volume number in Arabic numerals
(9), not in Roman numerals (IX). There is no
punctuation mark after the volume number.
5.
Publication date. Place the publication date after the
volume number. Put the year of the publication in parenthesis.
Place a colon after the closing parenthesis. Example
(2003):
6.
Page numbers. Place the page numbers after the
publication year. Place a period after the page numbers.
If the article pages are continuous, list the pages as shown in
the example. Example: 52 (2003): 133-35.
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SCHOLARLY JOURNAL:
EACH ISSUE PAGED SEPARATELY
Detailed Instruction
1. Author,
last name first. Place a period at the end of the author
information. Author names appear in different places depending
on the magazine. Look on the first page of the magazine article,
at the end of the article, or on the table of contents. If the
article has two or more authors, only list the first two
authors.. The second author's name is written first name, last
name. For example: Carter, Louise and Margaret Maynard.
If your author has a middle name or title (such as Jr., Dr.,
etc.,) the middle name and/or title follows the first name. For
example: Burke, James Grayson, Jr.
2.
Title of the article. Use quotation marks around the title.
Place a period after the title of the article and before the
ending quotation mark. For example: "Super Stars of the NFL."
Punctuation exception: If the article title ends in a
punctuation mark such as a ? or a ! do not use a period after
this mark, just use the ? or ! and then place the final
quotation mark. For example: "Iron Man!" Place a colon
between the main title and the subtitle if the article has a
subtitle.
3. Magazine
title. This is the name of the magazine in which the article
appears. For example: The Underline the magazine title.
There is no punctuation mark after the magazine title.
4.
Volume number and issue number. Type the volume number in
Arabic numerals (9), not in Roman numerals (IX). Place a
period after the volume number and then place the issue number
with no space between the two numbers. 22.4 There is
no punctuation mark after the issue number.
5.
Publication date. Place the publication date after the
volume number. Put the year of the publication in parenthesis.
Place a colon after the closing parenthesis. Example
(2003):
6.
Page numbers. Place the page numbers after the
publication year. Place a period after the page numbers.
If the article pages are continuous, list the pages as shown in
the example. Example: 52 (2003): 133-35.
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